Legislation

The Judicial Reorganization Act of 2025 splits the existing Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals into two separate circuits: the new Ninth Circuit and the new Twelfth Circuit. This legislation increases the total number of federal circuits to fourteen and authorizes the appointment of two new judgeships for the remaining Ninth Circuit. The Act also establishes procedures for assigning existing judges and handling all pending and future court cases following the reorganization.

The Department of Defense Appropriations Act, 2026 provides comprehensive funding across all military personnel, operations, procurement, and research and development for the U.S. Armed Forces. It allocates billions to pay service members, maintain equipment, modernize assets like ships and aircraft, and support vital health and oversight programs. The bill also establishes strict rules for spending, mandates significant domestic sourcing for certain materials, and rescinds previous appropriations.

The Pigs and Public Health Act enacts sweeping reforms for the humane handling and processing of pigs, banning certain growth-promoting drugs and establishing strict transportation and euthanasia standards for nonambulatory animals. It also significantly increases public health transparency by creating a confidential reporting portal for violations and strengthening whistleblower protections for employees. Furthermore, the bill mandates a study on the public health risks associated with nonambulatory pigs entering the food system. These measures aim to improve animal welfare while empowering workers to report safety concerns.

This bill establishes the Truth and Healing Commission on Indian Boarding School Policies to investigate the history and impact of these federal policies on Native American communities over a six-year period. The Commission is empowered to gather testimony, review federal records, and work with specialized subcommittees to address the resulting social, cultural, and physical harm. Furthermore, the legislation strengthens NAGPRA to ensure the return and respectful reburial of associated cultural items.

The Critical Minerals Investment Tax Modernization Act of 2025 updates tax incentives for domestic mineral production. Specifically, this bill amends the Internal Revenue Code to increase the percentage depletion rate to 22% for the mining of rare earths and scandium. This change aims to encourage investment in the extraction of these strategically important materials.

The Pensions for All Act mandates that all employers and self-employed individuals must provide a retirement plan equivalent to the Federal Employees Retirement System (FERS) or enroll participants in FERS itself. This legislation also creates a pathway for non-Federal employees and the self-employed to participate directly in FERS, including crediting their service time. Furthermore, the bill establishes a new, tiered federal income tax credit to incentivize retirement contributions for smaller entities. Finally, it imposes a daily penalty tax on employers and the self-employed who fail to meet these new retirement coverage requirements.

The CLEAR Waters Act narrows the definition of "navigable waters" under federal law. This legislation explicitly excludes features like wastewater treatment systems, ephemeral streams, and groundwater from federal water protection regulations. The goal is to clarify which bodies of water fall under the Federal Water Pollution Control Act.

The Don Young American Grown Act mandates that official floral and greenery decorations in high-level federal buildings, including the Executive Office of the President, State, and Defense Departments, must be grown in the United States. This requirement applies to cut flowers and greens used for official displays, excluding personal decorations. The new rule will take effect one year after the Act is signed into law.

The Investing in Children Before Missiles (ICBM) Act pauses the costly and delayed Sentinel missile program due to significant cost overruns. This legislation redirects unspent funds earmarked for Sentinel and related warhead modifications directly to the Department of Education to support low-income students. Furthermore, the bill mandates an independent study on extending the life of the existing Minuteman III missiles until at least 2050, while also analyzing strategic alternatives.

The Climate Change Health Protection and Promotion Act of 2025 establishes the Office of Climate Change and Health Equity within HHS to coordinate federal efforts against climate-related health threats. This Act mandates the creation of a National Strategic Action Plan to prepare public health and healthcare systems, especially for vulnerable communities. It also establishes a permanent scientific advisory board and requires expert reports to guide strategy and assess preparedness.

The Cutting LNG Bunkering Red Tape Act clarifies that transferring Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) to a ship for marine fuel is generally not considered an "export" under the Natural Gas Act. This exemption applies regardless of the vessel's flag, provided the refueling occurs within U.S. waters. The bill aims to streamline the process for using LNG as ship fuel within the United States.

This bill, the STUDENT Act, seeks to fundamentally alter the federal charter and operations of the National Education Association (NEA). It imposes strict new requirements on the organization's political activities, membership dues collection from government employees, and governance structure. Furthermore, the Act prohibits the NEA and its affiliates from engaging in strikes or promoting specific controversial ideological beliefs within schools.

This resolution officially designates the week of August 3 through August 9, 2025, as "National Farmers Market Week." It aims to celebrate the vital role farmers markets play in strengthening local economies and supporting farmers across the nation. Furthermore, the resolution recognizes how these markets improve community health by increasing access to fresh food and promoting sustainable agriculture.

This resolution expresses the sense of the House of Representatives in strong support of utilizing science diplomacy to advance U.S. foreign policy goals. It urges the Department of State to modernize its capabilities by better integrating science and technology into its global engagement strategies. The bill calls for specific actions, including establishing a new Science and Technology Advisory Board and elevating the status of the Science and Technology Adviser. Ultimately, it emphasizes that scientific collaboration is a vital tool for addressing complex global challenges and strengthening international relationships.

The Medical Supply Sanctions Act of 2025 mandates the President to prohibit the export of all FDA-approved drugs and prosthetics to the Russian Federation. This ban remains in effect until the Secretary of State certifies to Congress that Russia has completely ceased its military operations and withdrawn all forces from Ukraine.

The Ethics in Energy Act of 2025 prohibits covered electric and natural gas utilities from passing the costs of political influencing activities onto their customers through rate requests. The Act mandates that FERC establish new accounting rules to segregate these "covered expenses" and requires utilities to submit detailed annual reports on all such political spending. Utilities found to have wrongly charged ratepayers for these expenses will face significant financial penalties, with collected funds split between customer rebates and enforcement.

The Identifying Regulatory Barriers to Housing Supply Act aims to address the national housing shortage by encouraging local governments to reform restrictive land use and zoning rules. Recipients of certain federal housing grants must now submit a report every five years detailing their policies on increasing housing types, reducing development restrictions, and streamlining permitting. This measure seeks to clear regulatory roadblocks that currently make building affordable housing too difficult or expensive.

The IRS Accountability and Taxpayer Protection Act mandates that IRS personnel must obtain supervisor approval *before* issuing initial notices regarding tax penalties or the disallowance of certain tax benefits. This legislation aims to increase internal oversight on enforcement actions taken against taxpayers. Additionally, the Treasury Department must annually report publicly on all penalties assessed by the IRS.

The Path to Florida Springs National Park Act mandates a special resource study by the Secretary of the Interior for a 2,800-square-mile area in Central Florida, encompassing significant natural and protected lands. This study must assess the area's national importance and determine its suitability for inclusion in the National Park System. The final report, due three years after funding, will also explore alternative preservation methods and associated federal costs.

This resolution formally recognizes the 20th anniversary of the Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) and celebrates its foundational role in strengthening U.S. energy security and supporting rural economies. It highlights the RFS's success in driving domestic fuel innovation, creating jobs, and improving environmental performance. The measure affirms the ongoing importance of the RFS in achieving national energy, economic, and environmental goals.