Legislation

The Budget Reform Act of 2025 mandates sweeping changes to federal fiscal policy, including making Congressional Budget Office models public, requiring executive agencies to use zero-based budgeting, and shifting the entire appropriations process to a biennial schedule. Furthermore, the bill tightens Senate procedural rules to make it harder to waive budget controls and updates the technical definition of the budget baseline. These reforms aim to increase transparency, scrutinize spending, and enforce long-term fiscal planning across the government.

The Honoring Civil Servants Killed in the Line of Duty Act significantly increases the death gratuity payment for federal employees who die in the line of duty, setting the initial amount at \$100,000 and mandating annual inflation adjustments. The bill also raises the maximum government payment for funeral expenses and clarifies the payment structure for death gratuities for federal employees working abroad with the Armed Forces. Furthermore, it establishes emergency funding procedures for agencies to cover these required payments following major disasters.

The Medicare and Medicaid Dental, Vision, and Hearing Benefit Act of 2025 expands essential healthcare coverage under both programs. This bill mandates that Medicare begin covering routine dental, vision, and hearing services, including hearing aids, through a phased-in payment schedule reaching 80% coverage by the eighth year. Additionally, it increases the federal matching rate to 90% for states covering these specific dental, vision, and hearing services for certain adults under Medicaid. These comprehensive changes aim to integrate crucial preventative and restorative care into federal health programs.

The Bicycles for Rural African Transport Act establishes a new USAID program to improve mobility in rural sub-Saharan Africa. This initiative will provide grants to NGOs to fund projects that increase access to affordable bicycles for essential services like school and healthcare. The program also supports local mechanics, spare parts availability, and community management to ensure sustainable access to transportation.

The Wall Street Tax Act of 2025 establishes a new federal tax on covered financial trading transactions involving securities and derivatives. This transaction tax rate will gradually increase from 0.02 percent in 2026 to 0.1 percent by 2030. The responsibility for paying the tax falls on exchanges, brokers, or the involved parties, depending on how the trade is executed. The bill also includes specific rules for foreign corporations and provides detailed definitions and exceptions for what constitutes a taxable security or derivative.

The Expedited Delivery Act revises federal procurement rules to allow the government to bypass competitive bidding for certain purchases. This is achieved by adding a new exception based on market research indicating special features or faster delivery. Furthermore, the bill significantly raises the dollar thresholds that permit these non-competitive contract awards.

The Dads Matter Act of 2025 aims to improve maternal and infant health outcomes by promoting the active inclusion and engagement of fathers throughout pregnancy, birth, and the postpartum period. The bill mandates a national awareness campaign highlighting the benefits of paternal involvement and requires the Department of Health and Human Services to issue guidance to states on encouraging providers to educate and support new fathers. Finally, the Government Accountability Office will study and report on the effectiveness of these measures within six years of enactment.

The PRIME Act streamlines the Department of Defense's procurement process for experimental defense articles. It broadens the types of items the military can purchase for testing and allows for direct transition to production contracts for successful experimental items. This change aims to accelerate the fielding of new technology if a combatant command certifies the item's utility.

The Intelligence Community Workforce Agility Protection Act of 2025 aims to support intelligence community personnel by simplifying the tax treatment of required relocations. This bill allows intelligence community employees and appointees to utilize specific moving expense deductions when changing duty stations. Furthermore, it ensures that reimbursements for qualified moving expenses related to these official relocations are excluded from taxable income.

The Smart Pricing Practices Permanence Act modifies an existing pilot program aimed at accelerating defense contracting and pricing processes. This legislation streamlines participation by eliminating requirements for unique reporting by program participants. It also removes an entire subsection from the original authorizing law, further adjusting the structure of the pilot program.

The Buy-to-Budget Flexibility Act streamlines the Department of Defense's procurement process by eliminating outdated and specific requirements for purchasing "end items." This legislation strikes out old statutory language related to end-item purchases and removes several detailed subsections from existing law. The goal is to provide greater flexibility in how the DoD manages its budget for these acquisitions.

The MONARCH Act of 2025 addresses the critical decline of the western monarch butterfly population, which faces imminent extinction due to habitat loss and climate change. This bill establishes the Western Monarch Butterfly Rescue Fund to provide dedicated grants for conservation projects focused on restoring milkweed and protecting overwintering sites. Furthermore, it mandates the annual updating and implementation of the existing Western Monarch Butterfly Conservation Plan. Ultimately, the Act aims to rapidly deploy resources to ensure the recovery and survival of this vital pollinator.

The Broadcast VOICES Act aims to increase ownership diversity in the broadcasting industry by incentivizing sales to socially disadvantaged individuals through a temporary tax certificate program. It also requires the FCC to report on current ownership statistics and recommend future growth strategies. Furthermore, the bill establishes a new tax credit for donating broadcast stations to qualified training organizations.

The Value Over Cost Act of 2025 updates federal procurement rules for the Multiple Award Schedule program. This legislation grants both civilian and defense agencies the flexibility to award contracts based on achieving the "best value" rather than being strictly limited to the lowest cost option. This change allows the government to select vendors whose offerings provide superior overall benefit to the United States.

The Jury ACCESS Act of 2025 explicitly prohibits the exclusion of citizens from serving on federal juries based on their sexual orientation or gender identity. This amendment updates existing federal law to ensure equality in jury service selection. The bill ensures that all capable citizens have the right to serve, regardless of their identity.

This Act establishes a comprehensive U.S. strategy to support Ukraine in recovering children abducted by Russia. It authorizes federal agencies to provide technical assistance for investigations, fund rehabilitation and reintegration services for returned children, and support accountability efforts through prosecution training. Furthermore, the bill allows the President to use seized Russian sovereign assets to fund these recovery and justice initiatives.

The American Students First Act of 2025 establishes a new limit on the enrollment of foreign students on F or M visas at U.S. universities. This legislation generally caps international student enrollment at 10% of a university's total student body. Exceptions to this cap may be granted by the President or Secretary of Homeland Security for national security reasons, up to a maximum of 15% of the student population.

This bill authorizes the planning and design for an addition to the Child Development Center (CDC) at Dyess Air Force Base, Texas. The total project cost is capped at \$6.5 million, with design costs limited to nine percent of that total. The design must ensure seamless integration with existing systems and allow the center to remain operational during future construction.

The Basis Shifting is a Rip-off Act tightens tax rules concerning property distributions and transfers within partnerships involving related parties. It forces immediate gain recognition on certain distributions that would otherwise allow partners to shift tax basis to avoid current taxation. These new rules apply to "applicable partnerships" and include increased penalties for non-compliance.

The Safe Environment from Countries Under Repression and Emergency (SECURE) Act creates a new pathway for certain immigrants with Temporary Protected Status (TPS) history to apply for permanent residency within the U.S. This legislation also establishes strict confidentiality protections for applicants against immigration enforcement actions based on their application information. Furthermore, the bill mandates detailed reporting to Congress regarding the conditions in countries whose TPS designations are terminated. Finally, it ensures that eligibility for this new status does not preclude applicants from seeking other immigration benefits.