Legislation

This joint resolution seeks to disapprove and nullify a specific rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) regarding California's stringent motor vehicle and engine pollution control standards, known as the "Omnibus Low NOX Regulation." By exercising disapproval under the Congressional Review Act, this measure prevents the EPA's decision on waiving federal preemption for these California standards from taking legal effect. If passed, the EPA's rule will be entirely canceled.

The Protecting Minors in Federal Health Plans Act amends the Federal Employees Health Benefits (FEHB) program to prohibit coverage for gender-affirming care for individuals under the age of 18. This restriction defines gender-affirming care broadly to include hormones and surgeries related to gender transition. The bill includes several specific medical exceptions to this prohibition, such as for disorders of sexual development or life-saving procedures. Any existing hormone therapy for minors must be phased out within one year of the Act's effective date.

The SNAP Next Step Act of 2025 aims to connect SNAP recipients with job training opportunities under the Workforce Innovation and Opportunity Act. It defines specific criteria for SNAP participants to qualify as "covered individuals" eligible for these training programs. Additionally, the bill allows states to develop a public employment calculator to help SNAP recipients easily determine the financial impact of accepting new employment on their total benefits.

This resolution expresses the disapproval of Congress regarding a recent rule issued by the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) concerning California's motor vehicle and engine pollution control standards. Specifically, it rejects the EPA's proposed regulations covering heavy-duty vehicle emissions, warranties, maintenance, and zero-emission vehicle provisions. By disapproving the rule under the Congressional Review Act, Congress effectively nullifies the EPA's action.

The Tax Relief for Victims of Crimes, Scams, and Disasters Act aims to provide financial relief by modifying tax rules for personal losses. This bill removes previous limitations on deducting personal casualty losses for disasters occurring after 2017. Additionally, it extends the deadline for taxpayers to file for refunds related to these previously suspended casualty loss deductions.

The Protecting AI and Cloud Competition in Defense Act of 2025 establishes new competitive procurement rules for the Department of Defense's acquisition of artificial intelligence, cloud computing, and data infrastructure services. It mandates competitive bidding, prioritizes multi-cloud technology, and strictly protects government data used by vendors to train commercial AI models. Furthermore, the bill requires annual reporting to Congress on market competition, innovation barriers, and the use of any granted exemptions.

The Empower Charter School Educators to Lead Act revises federal grant management for high-quality charter schools to enhance technical assistance and oversight for authorizing agencies. The bill establishes new experience and planning requirements for educator-led groups applying for pre-charter planning grants. It also adjusts the required percentages for how states must allocate these federal grant funds across various authorized activities.

The Expanding Seniors Access to Mental Health Services Act aims to improve mental health care for seniors in skilled nursing facilities (SNFs). This bill revises Medicare payment rules to allow clinical social workers to provide and bill for a broader range of diagnostic and treatment services for mental illnesses within these facilities. These changes will take effect for services provided on or after January 1, 2026.

The Promoting Classical Learning Act of 2025 mandates that U.S. military service academies must accept the Classical Learning Test (CLT) for admissions alongside the SAT and ACT. Furthermore, the bill requires schools operated by the Department of Defense Education Activity (DoDEA) and the Bureau of Indian Education (BIE) to administer the CLT to all eleventh-grade students. This legislation aims to integrate the CLT into both federal secondary education and military academy application processes.

The Extreme Heat Economic Study Act of 2025 mandates a comprehensive economic study, led by the head of NOAA, to quantify the financial costs associated with extreme heat events. This study must calculate losses across health, property damage, lost productivity, and infrastructure disruption, including the cost of human life. The resulting report will offer recommendations for a national system to track these heat-related economic impacts and must be published within four years.

The Medicare Beneficiary Co-Pay Fairness Act limits the coinsurance amount Medicare beneficiaries must pay for certain outpatient surgery center services. If the standard coinsurance exceeds the annual inpatient hospital deductible, this bill caps the beneficiary's out-of-pocket cost at that deductible amount. This change aims to reduce unexpected out-of-pocket expenses for patients receiving outpatient care.

The No Resettlement Without Representation Act shifts authority over the annual refugee cap from the President to Congress, requiring a joint resolution to set the number before any refugees can be admitted. Furthermore, this bill grants state governors the final authority to reject the resettlement of refugees within their state borders, overriding federal placement plans. This legislation ensures that both the overall number of refugees and their specific placement locations require explicit approval.

The Infrastructure Expansion Act of 2025 significantly alters liability standards for injuries on federally funded infrastructure projects involving height or gravity risks. This bill replaces strict or absolute liability with a comparative negligence standard for covered persons injured on these sites. Consequently, an injured worker's compensation will be reduced based on their own percentage of fault, overriding conflicting state laws. This new federal standard applies to projects receiving federal financial assistance beginning January 1, 2026.

The Prescription Drug Price Relief Act of 2025 establishes a process for identifying brand-name drugs priced excessively high in the U.S. by comparing them to international prices and other factors. If a drug is deemed overpriced, the Act immediately revokes its government-granted monopolies, allowing generic competition through open licensing. Manufacturers will face strict new annual reporting requirements regarding pricing, R&D costs, and marketing, with penalties for non-compliance.

The Regulatory Accountability Act significantly overhauls the federal rulemaking process to increase transparency and rigor in agency decision-making. It establishes new definitions for "Major Rule" and "Major Guidance" based on economic impact and mandates comprehensive cost-benefit analyses and exploration of alternatives for significant regulations. Furthermore, the Act imposes strict communication restrictions during rulemaking and requires agencies to establish post-implementation assessment frameworks for major rules, limiting judicial review primarily to compliance with these procedural documentation requirements.

The Reaffirming Unified Boundaries for Integrity and Oversight Act (RUBIO Act) explicitly prohibits the Secretary of State from simultaneously holding or carrying out the duties of any other Federal position. This legislation ensures the Secretary's focus remains solely on their diplomatic responsibilities. Furthermore, the Act bars the expenditure of any federal funds for dual roles held by the Secretary of State.

The CLEAR Defense Production Act of 2025 overhauls the Defense Production Act Committee by placing a senior Department of Commerce official in charge to enhance coordination and review of all DPA authorities. This bill mandates the creation of a public, electronic registry tracking every use of DPA authorities by federal agencies, detailing the justification and national defense goal achieved. The goal is to improve accountability, planning, and transparency regarding the government's use of these critical economic powers.

The DEFIANCE Act of 2025 establishes a federal civil cause of action against the creation, possession with intent to share, or sharing of nonconsensual intimate digital forgeries, often known as deepfakes. This legislation updates existing law to specifically address image-based sexual abuse created through AI or digital manipulation, regardless of whether the image is labeled as fake. Victims can sue for significant statutory damages, attorney's fees, and injunctive relief to stop the spread of the harmful content. The Act ensures that this new federal standard does not preempt or limit stronger existing State or Tribal laws.

The Black Vulture Relief Act of 2025 authorizes livestock producers and their employees to take action against black vultures that are harming or threatening livestock or related property. This provision allows for the capture, killing, or dispersal of the birds, provided that poisoning is strictly prohibited. Those who take action must report the activity to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service once the required reporting form is made available.

This bill, the Tackling Predatory Litigation Funding Act, establishes a new, high federal tax on the profits earned by third-party investors in lawsuits, known as litigation financing. The tax is applied at the highest individual income tax rate plus an additional 3.8 percentage points on "qualified litigation proceeds." To ensure compliance, the law mandates that parties or their attorneys withhold 50% of this tax from payments made to the funder. Importantly, while taxing the funder, the bill explicitly excludes the actual settlement proceeds received by the winning party from their gross income.