Legislative Activity

The Horse Transportation Safety Act of 2025 prohibits the interstate transport of horses using any truck or trailer with two or more stacked levels. This measure aims to enhance animal welfare during cross-state travel by banning multilevel transport configurations. Violators who knowingly break this rule face civil penalties ranging from $\$100$ to $\$500$ per violation.

This bill imposes significant restrictions on the transfer of specific defense articles and services to Israel. Transfers of listed military equipment, such as certain bombs and ammunition, are prohibited unless Congress first passes a law detailing their specific authorized use. Furthermore, Israel must provide satisfactory written assurances that the items will only be used for those stated purposes and in compliance with international law.

The Striking and Locked Out Workers Healthcare Protection Act ensures that employers cannot terminate or alter group health plan coverage for employees during a lawful strike or an employer-initiated lockout. This legislation aims to prevent employers from using health benefits as leverage during labor disputes. The bill also establishes significant civil penalties, including fines up to \$150,000 per violation, for employers who interfere with this coverage, and allows for individual liability for directors and officers involved in such violations.

The Supreme Court Ethics, Recusal, and Transparency Act of 2025 establishes a mandatory, public code of conduct and a formal complaint process for Supreme Court Justices, modeled after procedures for lower federal judges. The bill also institutes stricter disclosure requirements for gifts and financial ties, and mandates judicial disqualification in cases involving recent lobbying contact or significant financial relationships with involved parties. Furthermore, it creates new review panels for disqualification motions and requires parties and *amici* to disclose financial supporters connected to the case.

This joint resolution seeks to formally disapprove and prohibit a specific proposed foreign military sale to the United Arab Emirates. The bill directly blocks the transfer of defense articles, including Chinook helicopters, specialized navigation systems, and communications equipment. Essentially, Congress is using its authority to stop this particular arms deal from moving forward.

This joint resolution seeks to disapprove and halt a specific proposed foreign military sale of F-16 aircraft components, spare parts, and related support services to the Government of the United Arab Emirates. Congress is exercising its authority under the Arms Export Control Act to block this transaction. If passed, the defense articles and services outlined in Transmittal No. 2525 will not be sold to the UAE.

The Stronger Communities through Better Transit Act establishes a new federal grant program to provide operating support for high-quality public transit services. This funding is specifically targeted to improve mobility and environmental outcomes, with a requirement that the majority of funds benefit underserved communities or areas of persistent poverty. The Act also increases the federal share for rural transit operating assistance up to 80%.

The Nurse Staffing Standards for Hospital Patient Safety and Quality Care Act of 2025 establishes mandatory minimum registered nurse-to-patient ratios across various hospital units to enhance patient safety and care quality. This legislation requires hospitals to implement detailed staffing plans, ensures enforcement through federal programs like Medicare and Medicaid, and supports the nursing workforce through expanded financial aid and retention initiatives. Furthermore, the bill protects nurses who refuse unsafe assignments and establishes clear mechanisms for reporting violations.

The Improving Training for School Food Service Workers Act of 2025 establishes new federal standards for required training programs for school food service personnel. This bill mandates that all required training must be paid for by the employer, conducted during regular work hours whenever possible, and offered at no cost to the employee. Furthermore, the Act strictly prohibits employers from penalizing staff who are unable to attend training sessions.

The Water Affordability, Transparency, Equity, and Reliability Act of 2025 establishes a dedicated federal Trust Fund, financed by an increase in the corporate tax rate, to support water infrastructure and affordability programs nationwide. The bill mandates a comprehensive EPA report analyzing water affordability, civil rights compliance, and public participation in water planning. It also significantly increases funding for household water well systems and revises state revolving loan fund rules to expand eligible projects, including lead line replacement and PFAS contamination cleanup. Finally, the Act creates new job training grants for the water sector and enhances drinking water assistance for colonias.

The Children Don't Belong on Tobacco Farms Act amends child labor laws to prohibit individuals under 18 from having direct contact with tobacco plants or dried tobacco leaves. This change ensures that agricultural work involving direct handling of tobacco falls under federal child labor protections. The bill specifically updates exemptions to reflect this new restriction on youth employment in tobacco agriculture.

The GHOST Act of 2025 establishes a new Federal Interstate Firearm Parts Reporting System to track the shipment of specific gun components, including barrels, slides, and bolts, across state or international lines. Shippers must pre-register these covered components with the Attorney General, detailing sender, recipient, and shipping method, and later confirm delivery. The system allows for retroactive registration but imposes significant penalties for knowingly circumventing these tracking requirements.

The Born in the USA Act of 2025 declares that Executive Order 14160, which attempted to restrict birthright citizenship, is unconstitutional and contrary to the 14th Amendment. This Act prohibits the use of any federal funds to implement or enforce that Executive Order. It affirms the established constitutional right to birthright citizenship for nearly everyone born on U.S. soil.

The Stop Mental Health Stigma in Our Communities Act of 2025 aims to address the significant mental health disparities and high suicide rates within Asian American, Native Hawaiian, and Pacific Islander (AANHPI) communities. The bill mandates the creation of a national behavioral health outreach strategy tailored to the diverse AANHPI population to reduce stigma and increase culturally competent care. Furthermore, it requires comprehensive systematic reviews and reports on the AANHPI youth mental health crisis and strategies to increase the number of AANHPI behavioral health professionals.

The PSLF Payment Completion Fairness Act simplifies the requirements for the Public Service Loan Forgiveness (PSLF) program. This bill removes the confusing dual requirement that previously mandated simultaneous qualifying employment and payment status for service time to count. Moving forward, the focus is simply on having been employed in a qualifying job while making the required payments.

The Ensuring Lasting Smiles Act mandates that group health plans and insurance policies provide comprehensive coverage for medically necessary treatment related to congenital anomalies or birth defects affecting the eyes, ears, teeth, mouth, or jaw. This coverage must include services needed to restore normal function and appearance, including necessary dental and orthodontic support. Plans must apply cost-sharing rules no more restrictive than those for other medical benefits, excluding purely cosmetic procedures.

The Truth in Tariffs Act mandates that businesses clearly display the portion of a product's price attributable to "covered tariffs" imposed on or after January 20, 2025. This transparency requirement applies to sales made 30 days after enactment, excluding small business concerns. The Federal Trade Commission (FTC) is tasked with enforcement, treating non-compliance as an unfair or deceptive business practice.

The Eliminating Thickets to Increase Competition Act (ETHIC Act) aims to curb anti-competitive practices by limiting the number of patents a company can assert in a single patent infringement lawsuit against drug or biological product competitors. This prevents brand-name manufacturers from overwhelming generic challengers with numerous, related patents, often referred to as "patent thickets." Specifically, it restricts plaintiffs to asserting only one patent per defined "Patent Group" in these actions.

The Disaster Relief for Farm Workers Act establishes a new grant program to provide emergency assistance to farm workers following covered disasters, such as severe weather or health crises. Beginning in fiscal year 2026, the Secretary must award grants to eligible farm worker organizations to deliver direct relief and build community resilience. These funds are specifically designated to help workers who lose income or are unable to work due to a qualifying event.

The VA Employee Fairness Act of 2025 modifies the collective bargaining rules for employees of the Veterans Health Administration (VHA) by streamlining existing statutes. This act removes outdated subsections related to bargaining and renumbers the remaining relevant section. Importantly, these changes do not affect the Secretary of Veterans Affairs' existing authority regarding incentive pay or expedited hiring processes.