Legislation

The Small Business Taxpayer Bill of Rights Act of 2025 aims to strengthen protections and rights for small businesses and individual taxpayers dealing with the IRS. This bill increases civil damages for IRS misconduct, removes net worth limits for small businesses seeking fee reimbursement, and institutes new procedural safeguards like banning secret IRS discussions on pending appeals. It also establishes a 10-year term limit for the National Taxpayer Advocate and improves rules regarding IRS levies on principal residences and alternative dispute resolution options.

The Postal Service Clusterbox Responsibility Act establishes new rules for the maintenance of certain historically maintained, privately-owned cluster mailbox units. This legislation requires the Postal Service to continue upkeep on qualifying older units, provided the owner applies and grants permission. The Act also creates a dedicated, permanent fund to cover the costs associated with maintaining these specific mailboxes.

The Imported Seafood Quality Enforcement Act significantly tightens safety standards for all seafood entering the U.S. by requiring foreign countries to have certified safety systems and mandating federal inspection and testing of at least 20% of all imported shipments annually. The bill establishes strict penalties for exporters who fail inspections, including temporary import bans, and allows the FDA to partner with states to expand inspection capabilities. Furthermore, it authorizes fees on exporters to fund these enhanced federal and state oversight operations.

The Protecting Military Installations and Ranges Act of 2025 expands the Committee on Foreign Investment in the United States (CFIUS) review of real estate purchases near sensitive military sites by foreign persons linked to China, Russia, Iran, or North Korea. This bill mandates automatic CFIUS review for these specific transactions and requires notification to local members of Congress. Furthermore, it pauses Department of Defense and Department of Transportation reviews and approvals for energy projects situated on land currently under CFIUS scrutiny for national security risks.

The SAFE Supply Chains Act restricts the Department of Defense (DoD) from purchasing covered IT hardware and embedded software unless it comes directly from the original equipment manufacturer or an authorized reseller. This measure aims to secure federal technology supply chains by eliminating purchases from unapproved third-party vendors. The Secretary of Defense may request a waiver for mission-critical or scientific research needs, provided they notify Congress and certify the product is not sourced from a foreign adversary. The DoD must also report annually to Congress on the use of these waivers.

The Tax Cut for Workers Act of 2025 significantly expands the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC) for workers without qualifying children by permanently lowering the minimum age, eliminating the maximum age, and substantially increasing the credit amount. It also allows taxpayers to elect to use higher prior-year earned income when calculating the current year's credit. Furthermore, the bill removes expiration dates for applying EITC rules in certain U.S. territories.

The Protecting Election Administration from Interference Act of 2025 significantly enhances federal protections for election records, papers, and voting equipment by mandating their preservation and establishing new security standards developed by CISA. The bill also strengthens penalties for officials who recklessly disregard these preservation rules and creates a new mechanism for judicial review to swiftly enforce compliance. Furthermore, it criminalizes the intimidation or harassment of election workers during the critical processes of vote tabulation, canvassing, and certification.

The Retirement Savings for Americans Act of 2025 establishes the American Worker Retirement Fund, a new, mandatory-enrollment retirement savings vehicle within the U.S. Treasury designed to help workers build protected savings through personal contributions and government matching credits. The bill also creates a governing Board to oversee the investment management system, imposing strict fiduciary duties on all administrators. Finally, it introduces a Government Match Tax Credit, which directly deposits a tiered government match into participants' accounts based on their savings rate and income level.

The Boost the Middle Class Act aims to increase financial support for working families by significantly raising the income thresholds for the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC). This legislation increases both the amounts needed to qualify for the credit and the income levels at which the credit begins to phase out. These changes, which also update future inflation adjustments, will take effect for tax years beginning after December 31, 2025.

The Honor and Hire Veterans Act of 2025 significantly boosts the Work Opportunity Tax Credit for employers hiring qualified veterans. This legislation increases the credit percentage for veterans to 50% of qualified first-year wages and raises the maximum wage cap used in the calculation. These changes aim to incentivize businesses to prioritize the employment of veterans.

The Closing the Bump Stock Loophole Act of 2025 seeks to amend federal gun laws by banning devices and modifications that significantly increase the rate of fire of semiautomatic firearms, effectively treating them like machineguns. The bill specifically prohibits the manufacture, sale, or possession of such accessories and modified firearms after 120 days of enactment. Existing owners of previously modified firearms must register them under the National Firearms Act within that same timeframe to legally keep them.

The Tax Relief from Tariffs and High Costs Act establishes a new, refundable tax credit for individual taxpayers for the 2025 tax year. This credit equals 10% of the taxpayer's federal income tax liability, but only applies to those with a Modified Adjusted Gross Income (MAGI) of $100,000 or less. If the credit exceeds the amount owed, the taxpayer will receive the difference as a refund.

The Quantum Sandbox for Near-Term Applications Act of 2025 establishes a new public-private partnership, managed by the Department of Commerce and NIST, to accelerate the development of practical quantum applications. This "quantum sandbox" will focus specifically on near-term use cases—applications expected to be functional within 24 months. The goal is to leverage existing cloud-accessible quantum hardware to quickly deliver tangible benefits to government and industry. This initiative aims to bolster U.S. economic security by driving immediate innovation in quantum technology.

The American Family Act fundamentally restructures the Child Tax Credit by replacing the annual lump sum with advance monthly payments for qualifying children. This legislation establishes a new refundable monthly credit of up to $360 per child, alongside a separate $500 non-refundable credit for other dependents. These advance payments are subject to income phase-outs and will reconcile with the final tax return. The old annual Child Tax Credit is terminated for tax years beginning after December 31, 2024.

The Protecting Employees and Retirees in Business Bankruptcies Act of 2025 significantly strengthens financial protections for workers and retirees during employer bankruptcy proceedings. It increases the priority of wage claims, restricts the ability of companies to reject union contracts or cut retiree benefits, and imposes strict limitations on executive compensation during restructuring. Overall, the bill shifts the balance of power in bankruptcy to ensure employees and retirees recover more of what they are owed before other creditors or executives.

The Defense Quantum Acceleration Act of 2025 establishes a framework to rapidly integrate quantum information science (QIS) technology into the Department of Defense (DoD). It mandates the appointment of a Principal Quantum Advisor to oversee the transition of QIS solutions, such as quantum sensing and computing, into operational military use. The Act requires the DoD to develop a five-year strategic plan, establish a joint QIS testbed, and focus on allied collaboration to secure the quantum supply chain.

The Theodore Roosevelt National Park Wild Horses Protection Act mandates the permanent maintenance of a genetically diverse herd of at least 150 wild horses in the South Unit of Theodore Roosevelt National Park. The Secretary of the Interior must develop a management plan focused on cost-effectiveness while protecting park resources. Horse removal is strictly limited to actions outlined in the official plan or in emergency situations.

The Veterans Accessibility Advisory Committee Act of 2025 establishes the Veterans Advisory Committee on Equal Access within the VA to review and advise the Secretary on improving accessibility across all VA facilities, services, and information for veterans with disabilities. This committee, composed of disabled veterans, accessibility experts, and VA officials, will issue regular reports detailing barriers and recommending corrective actions. Furthermore, the Act requires the VA Secretary to review and abolish or consolidate inactive, non-statutory advisory committees within the VA.

The REPAIR Act of 2025 establishes new rules and strict deadlines for challenging federal project authorizations in court. It mandates a mediation and remediation process overseen by the Federal Permitting Improvement Steering Council if a court remands an authorization due to procedural errors. Furthermore, the Act clarifies that completing an environmental review under NEPA does not automatically grant an individual the right to sue over the project approval.

The Family First Act significantly restructures the Child Tax Credit, making it fully refundable with new income-based tiers for children under 17, and introduces a new refundable tax credit for pregnant mothers based on gestational age. Additionally, the bill eliminates the Head of Household filing status and the dependent exemption, while simplifying the Earned Income Tax Credit rules. Finally, it denies the individual deduction for most State and local taxes starting in 2026.