PolicyBrief
S. 176
119th CongressJan 22nd 2025
Not One More Inch or Acre Act
IN COMMITTEE

This bill prohibits citizens and entities of the People's Republic of China from purchasing U.S. real estate and increases penalties for failing to report foreign agricultural land holdings.

Tom Cotton
R

Tom Cotton

Senator

AR

LEGISLATION

Not One More Inch: New Bill Bans Chinese Real Estate Purchases and Mandates Forced Sales of Existing Land Holdings

The 'Not One More Inch or Acre Act' is a heavy-hitting piece of legislation that aims to shut the door on real estate ownership in the U.S. for citizens and entities tied to the People’s Republic of China. Starting immediately upon enactment, the bill prohibits any Chinese citizen, any entity directed by or organized under Chinese law, or anyone acting on behalf of the Chinese Communist Party from buying public or private land. This isn't just about big skyscrapers or tech hubs; it covers everything from a suburban house to a local storefront across all 50 states and U.S. territories. While there are carve-outs for people who have been granted asylum or refugee status, and protections for U.S. citizens and green card holders living in their own homes, the scope is broad enough to catch a wide variety of international business and personal investments.

The Forced Sale Clause

One of the most intense parts of this bill is Section 2’s mandate for the President to look backward at land already owned. If the President decides that existing ownership by these individuals or entities poses a 'national security risk,' they are required to force a sale of that property within one year. This creates a massive amount of discretionary power. For a local real estate agent or a developer working with international clients, this could mean a sudden, forced liquidation of assets. Because 'national security risk' isn't strictly defined in the text, it leaves a lot of room for interpretation, potentially turning a legitimate long-term investment into a legal and financial headache overnight.

Raising the Stakes on Farmland

The bill also takes a swing at agricultural transparency by beefing up the Agricultural Foreign Investment Disclosure Act of 1978. Currently, if a foreign investor fails to report their U.S. farmland holdings, they face a penalty of up to 25% of the land's value. This new legislation adds a floor to that fine, making the minimum penalty 10% of the fair market value. For a family-owned farm looking to sell to a foreign-owned entity, or for the investors themselves, the cost of a paperwork error just got significantly higher. If a piece of land is worth $2 million, a simple failure to file the right form now carries a mandatory minimum bill of $200,000.

Real-World Ripple Effects

While the bill is framed around national security, the practical impact will likely be felt in the real estate market and by individuals navigating the immigration system. A Chinese professional working in the U.S. on a high-tech visa who hasn't yet secured a green card would be barred from buying a home under this law. On the business side, the definition of a 'covered foreign entity' is wide enough to include subsidiaries of Chinese companies, which could complicate leases or purchases for businesses that employ thousands of Americans. By granting the executive branch the authority to take 'all necessary actions' to enforce these bans, the bill sets up a new regulatory hurdle that will require a lot of legal vetting for future property deals.