PolicyBrief
H.R. 5189
119th CongressSep 8th 2025
To amend title 10, United States Code, to require biennial assessments on the nutrition standards of the military departments, and for other purposes.
IN COMMITTEE

This bill mandates biennial assessments of military nutrition standards and requires the development of a public plan to increase access to nutritious food on military installations.

Ro Khanna
D

Ro Khanna

Representative

CA-17

LEGISLATION

New Military Bill Mandates Biennial Nutrition Checks and Public Plan for Healthier Base Food

This new piece of legislation aims to make sure our service members aren’t just getting fed, but are getting well fed. It requires the Department of Defense (DoD) to launch two major efforts: first, a systematic, two-year check-up on military nutrition standards, and second, a concrete plan to boost healthy food options on base, especially in places where service members grab a quick bite.

The Biennial Check-Up: Making Sure Standards Aren’t Just Paperwork

Think of this as mandatory quality control for military chow. Section 1 requires the Secretary of Defense to conduct a biennial nutrition assessment for every branch of the military. This isn't just about reviewing the rules on paper; it’s about seeing how well the actual food available to service members on base stacks up against those standards. The goal is to close the gap between policy and reality.

Crucially, the first of these reports must be delivered to the Armed Services Committees and posted on a public website by December 1, 2026. This public reporting requirement is a big deal, adding a layer of transparency that holds the DoD accountable. If the food options are falling short, the public—and Congress—will know the specifics, which is a significant win for oversight and service member welfare.

The Plan: Healthier Options Where You Actually Eat

Beyond the assessment, the bill mandates the creation of a specific plan to increase access to nutritious food on military installations. This plan, due within 180 days of the bill becoming law, must be a joint effort led by key undersecretaries at the DoD. They are required to align this strategy with the findings of a specific 2024 Government Accountability Office (GAO) report, DOD Food Program: Additional Actions Needed to Implement, Oversee, and Evaluate Nutrition Efforts for Service Members (GAO-24-106155).

The most interesting part of this plan, especially for the service member grabbing dinner after a long shift, is the focus on non-appropriated fund food venues. These are the places that aren't directly funded by taxpayer money—think the base Burger King, the bowling alley snack bar, or the coffee shop. The plan must specifically target these spots to increase the availability of healthy menu choices. This acknowledges that service members often rely on these convenient, non-mess hall options, and those choices need to be healthier.

Real-World Impact and Implementation Hurdles

For the average service member, this bill promises better health outcomes and more convenient access to meals that actually fuel them properly, whether they’re on a large joint base or a smaller remote installation. If implemented effectively, this could mean seeing more fresh, healthy options at the on-base mini-mart or the food court, not just in the dining facility. It’s about making the healthy choice the easy choice.

However, this isn't a free pass. The bill creates a significant workload for the DoD’s logistics and personnel departments, who have tight deadlines to produce the plan and the subsequent biennial reports. Furthermore, the operators of those non-appropriated fund food venues—the contractors running the base pizza place, for example—might face new compliance costs or operational changes to incorporate the required “healthy menu choices.” While the bill requires increasing the availability of healthy options, it leaves the definition of “nutritious food” somewhat open, relying on the context of the GAO report. The success of this legislation will ultimately depend on the DoD's commitment to setting clear, high standards for what counts as healthy and ensuring those standards are met across every military branch.